(Heat flows into the system from the surroundings.) It all depends on which way the heat is flowing. On the other hand, the system is increasing in entropy, so it has a positive entropy value. Tearing down a portion of the clathrate cage will cause the entropy to increase ( ( Delta S ) is positive), since forming it decreases the entropy. This is so because carbon branches produce steric hindrance, so it is harder for two hydrophobes to have very close interactions with each other to minimize their contact to water. If the entropy of the surroundings is decreasing, then the entropy value is negative. When hydropobes come together and interact with each other, enthalpy increases ( ( Delta H ) is positive) because some of hydrogen bonds that form the clathrate cage will be broken. Branches on a carbon chain will reduce the hydrophobic effect of that molecule and linear carbon chain can produce the largest hydrophobic interaction. There are a lot more water molecules excluded then hydrophobic molecules clumping together. However, usually the hydrophobic molecules are bigger than the water molecules. The shape of the hydrophobes: Aliphatic organic molecules have stronger interactions than aromatic compounds. The clumping, if this exists, would decrease the entropy of the hydrophobic molecules.Number of carbons on the hydrophobes: Molecules with the greatest number of carbons will have the strongest hydrophobic interactions. The meaning of ENTROPY is a measure of the unavailable energy in a closed thermodynamic system that is also usually considered to be a measure of the system's disorder, that is a property of the system's state, and that varies directly with any reversible change in heat in the system and inversely with the temperature of the system broadly : the degree of disorder or uncertainty in a system. Transcribed image text: QUESTION 17 Which figure represents a process with a positive entropy change O O 8 808 80 18 00 008 98 00 8 8.However, at an extreme temperature, hydrophobic interactions will denature. Temperature: As temperature increases, the strength of hydrophobic interactions increases also.The strength of Hydrophobic Interactions depend on several factors including (in order of strength of influence): A Zd topological dynamical system (X, Tv) has zero- dimensional topologically completely positive entropy (or ZTCPE) if for every surjective. A positive (+) entropy change means an increase in disorder. Hydrophobic interactions are relatively stronger than other weak intermolecular forces (i.e., Van der Waals interactions or Hydrogen bonds). Entropy, S, is a state function and is a measure of disorder or randomness. A positive \(\Delta G\) indicates that the mixing of the hydrophobe and water molecules is not spontaneous. This can be determined by calculation from standard entropy values (\ (S o\)) in the same way that enthalpy changes are calculated: (6.5.2) S p r o d u c t s o S r e a c t a n t s o S r x n o. \), the value of \(\Delta G\) will turn out to be positive. Of course, the main issue here is how entropy changes during a process.
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